Aslam

As the lands are of serval kinds, so also there is disparity of intellect in different individuals by instinct. This disparity of intellect in different indviduals is also understood from a tradition. Abdullah-b-Salam narrated that the Prophet at the end of a long sermort described the Throne and stated that the angels asked God : O God, hast Thou created anything greatter than the Throne? He said: Yes, intellect. They asked: How great is it? He said : Alas, your intellect cannot grasp it. Can you count the number of sands? They said : No. God said : I have created intellect in different minds as numerous as sands. Some men have been given one grain, some two, some three, some four, some over one Farq, some one Wasq and some more.

This disparity of intelleft is found in all its meanings as described above except the second, namely axiomatic knowledge, such as the thing that two are greater than one, that an object cannot reamin in two different places at the same time or that a thing cannot be both eternal and originated. Intellect with reference to the three other meanings is subject to disparity.
With regard to the fourth meaning of intellect, namely controlling power, disparity of men 4s clear and evident. For instance the power of control of appetite and sexual passion is different in different individuals even it is different in the same individual at different stage of life. A wise man will be able to overcome appetite more easily than an ignorant and illiterate man. A young man may fail to overcome sexual appetite but when he grows old, he is able to do it.

The disparity is also due to the differences in knowledge of a subject. Thus a man having special knowledge of medicines may refrain from some harmful foods whil a lay man fails to do that simply because he lacks in medical knowledge. Similarly a learned man is more competent to give up sin than an ignorant man.

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