Chapter IV: Lawful and Unlawful
(2) Second State. It occurs when there is doubt about the owner owing to the causes of proof. The causes of proof that a thing is unlawful are the character of the owner, his dresses, his actions etc. or he is a well known dacoits, thief, tyrant or his actions are opposed to the fundamental principles of Shariat. In such cases, two sorts of doubt arise in mind. One sort of doubt arises from the fact of possession of a thing which indicates ownership of the thing. It is lawful to accept the thing, from such possessor. The second sort of doubt arises strongly from the sign of a thing that it may not be lawful. In such a case, it is better to give it up. The Prophet said : Give up what raises doubt in your mind for what does not raise doubt. It is commendable ...
The Prophet also said : Doubt of mind is a sin. The Prophet also enquired in case of doubt whether a thing is zakat or present. Hazrat Omar enquired about milk and Hazrat Abu Bakr about the earnings of a slave in case of doubt.
(3) Third state: Experience or news give indication of a thing being lawful or unlawful, if a man is honest pious and trustworthy, his thing can be considered as lawful even though it may be otherwise. In this case, it in unlawful to enquire about such a thing in his possession. To eat food of the pious was the rule of Prophet and friends of God. The Prophet said : Don't give your food to be eaten except by the pious and don't eat food except of the pious.
(2) Second place of doubt in connection with things: In this place, lawful and unlawful things become mixed. In the market
76 The Book of Wordly Usages Vol-II