Aslam

Praise be to Allah.There are many causes of deformity of the

foetus, many of which could be avoided; one could protect oneself from

them or reduce their effects. Islam and medicine both urge people to

avoid the causes of disease and to protect themselves against it as

much as possible. The teachings of Islam urge us to protect our health

and to protect the foetus from many diseases which are caused by ignoring

the teachings of Islam and falling into sin such as zinaa (unlawful

sexual relationships), drinking alcohol, smoking, and taking drugs.

Modern medicine also warns mothers of the imminent danger of taking

some medications, or being exposed to x-rays or gamma rays, especially

in the early days of pregnancy.

If it is proven in a definitive fashion, beyond

any doubt, by a trustworthy medical committee, that the foetus is deformed,

and that this deformity cannot be treated by the specialists, then in

my view it is permissible to abort it, in view of the difficulties it

would face in life and the hardship this would present to the parents,

and the burdens and responsibilities of care it would place on the society.

These considerations and others prompted the Islamic Fiqh Committee

of the Muslim World League in its 12th conference held in

Makkah on 15 Rajab 1410 AH (10/2/1990 CE), to issue the statement that

“it is permissible to abort a foetus which is deformed in the manner

mentioned above, with the consent of the parents and within the first

120 days from the beginning of the pregnancy.”

The decision of the committee was in accordance

with the fatwa of the Standing Committee for Academic Research and Issuing

Fatwas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, no. 2484, issued on 16/7/1399

AH.

But if the soul has been breathed into the

foetus and it has completed 120 days, then it is not permissible to

abort it, no matter what the deformity, unless continuation of the pregnancy

would put the mother’s life in danger. This is because after the soul

has been breathed into the foetus, it is considered to be a person who

must be protected, regardless of whether it is free of disease or not,

and regardless of whether there is hope of recovery or not. That is

because Allaah has a reason for everything that He creates, which many

people do not know, and He knows best what is right for His creation,

as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“Should not He Who has created know?

And He is the Most Kind and Courteous (to His slaves), All Aware (of

everything).

[al-Mulk 67:14]

In the birth of these deformed children there

is a lesson for those who are of sound health, and it teaches us of

the power of Allaah Who shows His creation the manifestations of His

might and the wonders that He has created. Killing and aborting them

is a purely materialistic view which pays no attention to matters of

religion and morals. Perhaps the existence of these deformities will

make people more humble and submissive towards their Lord, and make

them bear them with patience, seeking a great reward from Him.

Physical deformity is something that Allaah

has decreed for some of His slaves. Whoever bears that with patience

will attain victory. This is something that happens and has always happened

throughout history, but unfortunately studies indicate that the rate

of physical deformity is increasing, as the result of pollution of the

environment and the increase of harmful rays in the atmosphere, which

was previously unknown.

It is by the mercy of Allaah that many deformed

foetuses are miscarried or die before they are born.

The Muslim woman and the Muslim family must bear with patience

whatever happens to them, and seek the reward for that with Allaah.

And Allaah knows best.