My question is regarding my mother's Iddah. My parents were visiting the United States, my father got very sick and died there. My mother is still in the US staying at one of my cousin's home , my question is that, do my mother has to spent the Iddah period in US at my cousin's home where my parents were staying or she can return back to her own home in Pakistan. Returning home for my mother is also very important because of many issues in Pakistan like property etc in which her presence for various factors is very important. I would be very grateful if you would answer this question in the light of Islamic Laws. Thank you.
Praise be to Allah.The scholars differed as to whether the woman in
iddah following her husbands death has to stay in her house. There are two
views, the more famous and stronger of which is that she has to stay in the marital home.
This is the view of the majority of scholars, including the four imaams.
They used as their evidence for this ruling the Sunnah as
narrated in the Hadeeth of Fareeah bint Maalik (may Allaah be pleased with her) who
said that she came to the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and
asked him whether she could go back to her family of Banu Khudrah. Her husband had set out
in pursuit of some slaves of his who had run away, and when he caught up with them at the
edge of al-Qadoom they had killed him. She asked the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) to let her go back to her family because her husband had
not left her in a house that he owned. She narrated: The Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said Yes, so I walked away until I
was by the apartment, or in the mosque, then he called me or commanded me
and I came back. I told him the story again about what had happened to my husband, and he
said, Stay in your house until the appointed time [i.e., until your iddah is
over]. She said: So I spent my iddah there, four months and ten
days. When Uthmaan was the khaleefah, he sent word to me and asked me about that, so
I told him and he followed it and ruled in accordance with it.
It was narrated by Abu Dawood, al-Nisaai, al-Tirmidhi and Ibn
Maajah, and classed as saheeh by al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Hibbaan, al-Haakim, al-Dhahabi, Ibn
al-Qayyim and others.
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
There is no reason to reject this clear saheeh Sunnah which
Uthmaan ibn Affaan and other great Sahaabah accepted. (Zaad
al-Zaaad, 5/691)
Note:
A woman who is in iddah could be faced with an emergency such as the
fear of the house collapsing, a flood or an enemy, or she could feel lonely, or she may be
living among immoral people, or the heirs may want to make her leave the house, or by
staying she may lose her children or wealth etc. In such cases it is permissible for
her to move wherever she wishes, and she does not have to move to the nearest place. This
is the view of the majority of scholars among the Hanafis, Hanbalis and Maalikis.
This is on the condition that she can still adhere to the rulings of
iddah in the new home as she did in the previous home.
If a woman is able to manage her affairs from the marital home, she has no
reason to move. For example, she can delegate a trustworthy person to follow up the
inheritance or property. If your mother is able to do her iddah in the house in
which she was living with her husband when he died, then she should stay there. And Allaah
knows best.