Aslam

Praise be to Allah.In the Tafseer of this aayah, it is reported

that Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: “The five daily

prayers are (mentioned) in the Qur’aan.” He was asked, “Where?” He said,

“Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): ‘So

glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening’ is maghrib

and ‘isha’; ‘and when you enter the morning’ is fajr;

‘in the afternoon’ is ‘asr; and ‘the

time when the day begins to decline’ is zuhr.” Other mufassireen,

such as al-Dahhaak and Sa’eed ibn Jubayr said the same thing.

Some of the mufassireen said that these aayat

mention only four of the prayers; ‘isha’ is not mentioned here, but

it is mentioned in Soorat Hood, where Allaah says (interpretation of

the meaning): “… and in some hours of the night…” [Hood 11:114]

Most of the mufassireen are of the first opinion.

Al-Nahhaas (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: “The scholars of Tafseer

say that the aayah (interpretation of the meaning): ‘So

glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening and when you enter the

morning…’ [al-Room 30:17] refers to the prayers.”

Imaam al-Jassaas (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

“Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): ‘…

The prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed times [mawqootan].’

[al-Nisa’ 4:103]. It was reported that ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Mas’ood

said: ‘[Mawqootan means

that] Salaah has an appointed time just as Hajj does.’ It was reported

that Ibn ‘Abbaas, Mujaahid and ‘Atiyyah said [that mawqootan

means] ‘It is obligatory’… The word ‘mawqootan’

means that it is obligatory at certain times. The times are referred

to in general terms in this aayah and are explained elsewhere in the

Book, without defining precisely when those times start and end – that

was explained in detail by the Messenger of Allaah

(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).  What Allaah mentioned

about the times of the prayers in His Book is (interpretation of the

meaning): “Perform al-Salaah from

mid-day till the darkness of the night and recite the Qur’aan in the

early dawn…” [al-Isra’ 17:78]. Mujaahid reported from Ibn

‘Abbaas: “’Mid-day’ means

when the sun has passed its zenith for salaat al-zuhr, and ‘the

darkness of the night’ means the beginning of the night,

for salaat al-maghrib.” It was also reported from Ibn ‘Umar that mid-day

meant the zenith…  Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And perform al-salaah

at the two ends of the day and in

some parts of the night” [Hood 11:114]. ‘Amr reported from

al-Hasan that ‘the two ends of the

day’ means fajr at the first end and zuhr and ‘asr at the

other; ‘some parts of the

night’ means maghrib and

‘isha’. So according to this opinion the aayah refers to all five prayers….

Layth reported from al-Hakam from Abu ‘Ayyaad that Ibn ‘Abbaas said:

“This aayah mentions all five prayers together. ‘So

glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening’ refers to

maghrib and ‘isha’, ‘and when you enter the morning’

refers to fajr, ‘in the afternoon’

is ‘asr; and ‘the time when the day

begins to decline’ is zuhr.” Something similar was also reported

from al-Hasan.

Abu Razeen reported from Ibn ‘Abbaas: “ ‘…and glorify the praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun and

before (its) setting’ [Qaaf 50:39 – interpretation of the meaning]

refers to the prescribed prayers. ‘…

and glorify the praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun, and

before its setting, and during some of the hours of the night, and at

the sides of the day, that

you may become pleased with the reward which Allaah shall give you.’

[Ta-Ha 20:130 – interpretation of the meaning] This aayah

also includes the times of the prayers. All of these aayaat mention

the times of the prayers.”

Ahkaam

al-Qur’aan by al-Jassaas, Baab

Mawaaqeet al-Salaah.

What you should also know is that the

Qur’aan does not contain details of all the rules. The Qur’aan mentions

many rules, but it also tells us that the Sunnah is a source of evidence

in which many rules are mentioned in detail that are not mentioned in

the Qur’aan. Allaah says (interpretation of the meanings):

“… and We have

also sent down to you (O Muhammad) the reminder and the advice (the

Qur’aan), that you may explain clearly to men what is sent down to them

and that they may give thought.” [al-Nahl 16:44]

“… and whatsoever

the Messenger gives you, take it…” [al-Hashr 59:7]

The Prophet

(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I have been given

the Qur’aan and something like it with it…” (Reported by Imaam Ahmad,

16546; this is a saheeh hadeeth). Whether the rules were narrated in

the Qur’aan or in the Sunnah, all of it is true and right, and all of

it has one source, which is the wahy or revelation from the Lord of

the Worlds.